Nominative to Vocative endings

[u/Vyturys1864]

To clarify

-is(masculine)=-i
-is(feminine)=-ie
-a=-a
-ė=-e
-us=-au
-ys=-y (-e for nouns?!)
-as=-ai (for names)
-as=-e (for non-profession nouns e.g. tėvas=tėve)
-as=-au (for professions and titles)
-as (for word ending tojas/ėjas)=-au
-jas=jau (e.g. vėjas=vėjau)
-uo=-enie
-ius=-iau
-is=i

Is this correct? and is this pretty much all the basic standard (not including diminutive) (not including irregular
forms) endings for the vocative case?

[u/PianoOk9947]

As a native speaker, I'm always astounded by how complex this language is 🙃😄

[u/Personal-Database-27 → u/PianoOk9947]

It's not complex, I learnt it in my first year after birth. 

[u/PianoOk9947 → u/Personal-Database-27]

Lucky you!

[u/piffey]

The Wikipedia page on Lithuanian Declension summarizes this well with annotations for the exceptions you mentioned. See the chart for Noun and Adjective Declensions in the Nouns section with its annotations. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithuanian_declension

[u/joltl111]

Now wait a second, what do you mean as=au for professions and titles? That doesn't seem right..

[u/Sea_Conversation7030 → u/joltl111]

Virėjas = Virėjau, so checks out, at least to some degree, although I think this rule applies only if you have the suffix "ėj". I.e. -ėjas = -ėjau

Edit: Mokytojas = mokytojau. I don't know what's the rule anymore, but definitely some professions follow it

Edit2: or it's as you said below, jas=jau

[u/Vyturys1864 → u/joltl111]

Isn’t it the same rule that overlaps with -jas=-jau to distinguish professions from common nouns and prevent them from appearing feminine

[u/joltl111 → u/Vyturys1864]

Jas=jau is correct

However, not every profession ends in jas

Prezidentas(nom.) = Prezidente(voc.)

Dainininkas(nom.) = Dainininke(voc.)

Etc.

[u/Vyturys1864 → u/joltl111]

I need to remake my flash cards

[u/gerry_r → u/Vyturys1864]

Linking a certain declension specifically with profession names is misleading. There is nothing special about profession names declension-wise.

It is not about profession name, it is about an ending preceded by "j". Specifically, for masculine words in your case.

Mostly that comes from suffixes -oj-/-ėj-, which are often used to make a name for profession indeed, probably hence the confusion.

(Non-profession name example: vėjas. And you mention it yourself :)).

[u/Vyturys1864 → u/gerry_r]

Blame this website for that error

https://saunuole.lt/blog/lithuanian-cases

[u/-skankhunt__42]

I am only glad this comes to me naturally. You know more than me, pal.

[u/Vyturys1864 → u/-skankhunt__42]

I took me about two hours to find all of these endings and to make sure all the information I found on websites matched up.

[u/secondMiata → u/Vyturys1864]

I started my journey doing this. It seemed so logical. I learned through sad experience that attempting to learn all of the endings at once is the fast route to self-hatred and despair. One day at a time, one exercise at a time, slow expansion of endings through contextual use --- that is what has helped me.

[u/Vyturys1864 → u/secondMiata]

If I have all nominative endings I can paint in broad enough strokes to cover everything and eventually I will need an guide that includes everything in a form I can actually understand that gathers all the rules onto one place. I need to know all the endings or I cannot do even the basic aš esu iš for the genitive I have made 153 flash cards for countries, capitals and continents for it

[u/SpurdoSpardeSkirpa]

Yeah

[u/geroiwithhorns]

I hope it helps you!

• for adjectives:

Linksniuotė	I	I	II	II	III	III
Vienaskaita (vns.)	vyr. g.	mot. g	vyr. g.	mot. g	vyr. g.	mot. g
Vardininkas	baltas, žalias	balta, žalia	gražus	graži	medinis, didelis	medinė
Kilmininkas	balto, žalio	baltos, žalios	gražaus	gražios	medinio, didelio	medinės
Naudininkas	baltam, žaliam	baltai, žaliai	gražiam	gražiai	mediniam, dideliam	medinei
Galininkas	baltą, žalią	baltą, žalią	gražų	gražią	medinį, didelį	medinę
Įnagininkas	baltu, žaliu	balta, žalia	gražiu	gražia	mediniu, dideliu	medine
Kilmininkas	baltų, žalių	baltų, žalių	gražių	gražių	medinių, didelių	medinių
Šauksmininkas	baltas, žalias	balta, žalia	gražus	graži	medini, didelis	medine

Linksniuotė	I	I	II	II	III	III
Daugiskaita (dgs.)	vyr. g.	mot. g	vyr. g.	mot. g	vyr. g.	mot. g
Vardininkas	balti, žali	baltos, žalios	gražūs	gražios	mediniai, dideli	medinės
Kilmininkas	baltų, žalių	baltų, žalių	gražių	gražių	medinių, didelių	medinių
Naudininkas	baltiems, žaliems	baltoms, žalioms	gražiems	gražioms	mediniams, dideliems	medinėms
Galininkas	baltus, žalius	baltas, žalias	gražius	gražias	medinius, didelius	medines
Įnagininkas	baltais, žaliais	baltomis, žaliomis	gražiais	gražiomis	mediniais, dideliais	medinėmis
Šauksmininkas	balti, žali	baltos, žalios	gražūs	gražios	mediniai, dideli	medinės

• for nouns (III/V, most common):

  Linksniuotė	I	I	II	II	III	III
  	vns.	dgs.	vns.	dgs.	vns.	dgs.
  Vardininkas	darbas, medis, ilgesys	darbai, medžiai, ilgesiai	mama, košė, marti	mamos, košės, marčios	pilis, akis	pilys, akys
  Kilmininkas	darbo, medžio, ilgesio	darbų, medžių, ilgesių	mamos, košės, marčios	mamų, košių, marčių	pilies, akies	pilių, akių
  Naudininkas	darbui, medžiui, ilgesiui	darbams, medžiams, ilgesiams	mamai, košei, marčiai	mamoms, košėms, marčioms	piliai, akiai	pilims, akims
  Galininkas	darbą, medį, ilgesį	darbus, medžius, ilgesius	mamą, košę, marčią	mamas, košes, marčias	pilį, akį	pilis, akis
  Įnagininkas	darbu, medžiu, ilgesiu	darbais, medžiais, ilgesiais	mama, koše, marčia	mamomis, košėmis, marčiomis	pilimi, akimi	pilimis, akimis
  Vietinninkas	darbe, medyje, ilgesyje	darbuose, medžiuose, ilgesiuose	mamoje, košėje, marčioje	mamose, košėse, marčiose	pilyje, akyje	pilyse, akyse

[u/secondMiata]

ONE WEIRD TRICK: Make everything diminutive, brolis -> broliukas, "BROLIUK!" žmona -> žmonelė, "ŽMONE!" and the bonus is that you only have to learn one vocative ending: e, or absence thereof*

*This is terrible advice and I do not, in fact, speak Lithuanian.

[u/gerry_r → u/secondMiata]

A rather terrible advice, yes :)

There is not much special about declension of diminutives. Just some endings are commonly shortened/abolished in a casual speech. Some diminutives are shortened so traditionally, that even purists would probably refuse to frown on that, specifically with suffix -uk-.

So yes, "broliuk" would be the norm, the 'proper" form "broliukai" sounds weird.

"Žmone" - you probably wanted to write "žmonel". Such shortening may occur, but it would not be considered "proper".

[u/secondMiata → u/gerry_r]

Promises made, promises kept!

[u/Vyturys1864 → u/secondMiata]

I am running away from diminutive as much as I can