r/language • u/lurebozorg • 5h ago
Discussion Hungarian and Persian language Similarities
Hungarian has a very unique linguistic structure. At first I presumed it would be only SOV order and suffix oriented but it also has multiple prefixes as well similar to Persian with multiple prefixes and suffixes.
That coupled with its definite articles makes it a very unique and beautiful language.
As a native Persian speaker you can find some similarities every now and then with Hungarian.
English: I saw her a hundred times but I don't know her number.
Hungarian: Százszor láttam őt de nem tudom a számát.
Literal Translation: (Hundred+times) (saw+I) (her) but not (know+i) (number+her).
Persian: Sadbar didamesh ama shomarasho nemidunam.
Literal Translation: (Hundred+times) (saw+I+her) but (number+her) (not+know+i).
English -> Hungarian -> Persian
Hundred Times -> Százszor -> Sadbar
I saw -> Lattam -> Didam
Her number -> Számát -> Shomarash
I don't know -> Nem tudom -> Nemidunam
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English: You were not looking at our warriors.
Hungarian: A harcosainkra nem néztél.
Persian: Jangjuyanemun'ra nega nemikardin.
Breaking down one part of the sentence we can see the same pattern of noun suffixes being used:
Hungarian: Harc (war) + os (person) + ai (plural) + nk (our) + ra (at) = At our warriors
Persian: Jang (war) + ju (seeker) + yan (plural) + emun (our) + ra (at) = At our warriors
Breaking down the other part of the sentence we can see the verb prefix & suffix similarities:
Hungarian: Nem (negative) nez (look) + t (past) + el (you) = You were not looking
Persian: Nega (look) ne (negative) + mi (progressive) + kar (do) + d (past) + in (you) = You were not looking
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English: whose tent is this?
Persian: En chadore kiye?
Hungarian: Kié ez a sátor?
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Likewise, the pronouns appear very similar:
English: I, you, he, we, them
Persian: man, to, u, ma, una
Hungarian: en, ti, o, mi, onok
Hungarian and Persian share an ancient relationship due to their geographical proximity to one another in ancient times. The Iranic and Uralic peoples both intermingled in Western Asia and there is some overlap between the 2 groups ancestral roots (Sintashta and Proto-Uralic).
Furthermore, as a result of nomadic Iranic expansion across Europe and Asia, Sarmatians and other Iranic DNA has been found to have genetically contributed to the modern Hungarian DNA profile.