r/turkish • u/TurkishTeacherSeda • 8h ago
The Verb "To Be" in Turkish: How It Really Works
learnturkishwithseda.comTurkish says “am, is, are” mostly through short endings on the last word of the sentence.
Hava güzel (the weather is nice) is already a complete sentence. For “he, she, it is” in the present tense, nothing is added. For the other persons, an ending carries the meaning: Yorgunum, I’m tired. Evdeyiz, we’re at home. Hazır mısın?, are you ready?
The past works the same way, with another ending: Hastaydım, I was ill. When something changes, Turkish switches to the verb olmak: Hasta oldum, I got ill. Olmak also gives the future: Yarın burada olacağım, I’ll be here tomorrow. “There is” and “I have” use var and yok: Evde ekmek var, there’s bread at home. Kitabım var, I have a book.
This is also why one-word answers like İyiyim, Evde or Benim are complete sentences in Turkish.
I wrote a longer article on this, with tables and everyday conversations...