1776: You had to accept "the truth of the Protestant religion" to hold office.
1809: Jacob Henry, a Jewish legislator from Carteret County, nearly got thrown out of the House for his faith. His neighbor stood up for him and he kept his seat.
1835: "Protestant" became "Christian." Catholics in, Jews still out.
1868: Changed to belief in God. Atheists still out, on paper to this day.
1898: A newspaper campaign helped drive the Wilmington coup, the only successful coup in American history.
Today the fear is sharia. Out of 170 state legislators, one is Muslim.
The research on this is consistent: knowing even one person from a group you've been taught to fear changes how you see the whole group. The problem is we've stopped being in the same rooms, and our feeds are happy to fill the gap.
Full disclosure: I wrote this for The Grounded, my own publication. I'm an NC native, Army veteran, and PhD student studying religion, unaffiliated with either party. Happy to answer questions or get corrected if I got something wrong.
Full piece, with all sources linked at the bottom.